Spatial, temporal and genetic dynamics of highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus in China

作者:Tian, HY (Tian, Huaiyu)[ 1 ] ; Cui, YJ (Cui, Yujun)[ 2 ] ; Dong, L (Dong, Lu)[ 3 ] ; Zhou, S (Zhou, Sen)[ 4 ] ; Li, XW (Li, Xiaowen)[ 1,4 ] ; Huang, SQ (Huang, Shanqian)[ 1 ] ; Yang, RF (Yang, Ruifu)[ 2 ] ; Xu, B (Xu, Bing)[ 1,4,5 ]

BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES

卷: 15

文献号: 54

DOI: 10.1186/s12879-015-0770-x

出版年: FEB 13 2015

摘要

Background: The spatial spread of H5N1 avian influenza, significant ongoing mutations, and long-term persistence of the virus in some geographic regions has had an enormous impact on the poultry industry and presents a serious threat to human health. 

Methods: We applied phylogenetic analysis, geospatial techniques, and time series models to investigate the spatiotemporal pattern of H5N1 outbreaks in China and the effect of vaccination on virus evolution. 

Results: Results showed obvious spatial and temporal clusters of H5N1 outbreaks on different scales, which may have been associated with poultry and wild-bird transmission modes of H5N1 viruses. Lead-lag relationships were found among poultry and wild-bird outbreaks and human cases. Human cases were preceded by poultry outbreaks, and wild-bird outbreaks were led by human cases. Each clade has gained its own unique spatiotemporal and genetic dominance. Genetic diversity of the H5N1 virus decreased significantly between 1996 and 2011; presumably under strong selective pressure of vaccination. Mean evolutionary rates of H5N1 virus increased after vaccination was adopted in China. A clear signature of positively selected sites in the clade 2.3.2 virus was discovered and this may have resulted in the emergence of clade 2.3.2.1. 

Conclusions: Our study revealed two different transmission modes of H5N1 viruses in China, and indicated a significant role of poultry in virus dissemination. Furthermore, selective pressure posed by vaccination was found in virus evolution in the country.

通讯作者地址: Xu, B (通讯作者)

Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Global Change & Earth Syst Sci, State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.

地址:

[ 1 ] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Global Change & Earth Syst Sci, State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China

[ 2 ] Beijing Inst Microbiol & Epidemiol, State Key Lab Pathogen & Biosecur, Beijing 100071, Peoples R China

[ 3 ] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Key Lab Biodivers & Ecol Engn, Minist Educ, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China

[ 4 ] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Key Lab Earth Syst Modelling, Minist Educ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China

[ 5 ] Univ Utah, Dept Geog, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA